The consummation of the unwanted sexual act or rape is a public health problem in the country. The search for sperm in the vagina or clothing by microscopy, the determination of acid phosphatase, the search for the prosthetic antigen and genetic tests are some tests to confirm a violation. However, the washing of the genital areas, the lability of the molecules that are measured, the insufficient amount of biological material and the high cost of some tests, prevent confirming the aggression, so identifying biological samples or presumptive spots of seminal fluid It is of the utmost importance. The search for biological material in case of violation can be done by light microscopy, determination of acid phosphatase, chromatography, prosthetic antigen search and genetic analysis. This review aims to group and examine the main methodologies for this purpose.
Resúmen
La consumación del acto sexual no deseado o violación es un problema de salud pública en el país. La búsqueda de espermatozoides en la vagina o en la ropa mediante microscopía, determinación de la fosfatasa ácida, búsqueda del antígeno prostático y análisis genéticos son algunas de las pruebas para confirmar una violación. Sin embargo, el lavado de las zonas genitales, la labilidad de las moléculas que se miden, la cantidad insuficiente de material biológico y el elevado costo de algunas pruebas impiden confirmar la agresión, por lo que identificar muestras biológicas o manchas presuntivas de líquido seminal es de suma importancia. Es posible localizar material biológico mediante microscopía de luz, determinación de la fosfatasa ácida, cromatografías, búsqueda de antígeno prostático y análisis genéticos. En esta revisión se pretende agrupar y examinar las principales metodologías para tal propósito.
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